How to develop the skills of people with special needs

People with special needs

We can define categories of persons with special needs as those with physical, emotional, behavioral, cognitive or educational disabilities that require additional or specialized services, such as educational and recreational services, And provide an environment suitable for everyday life.

Types of special needs

There are four basic types of people with special needs, They are as follows:

• Special physical needs: Like muscular dystrophy, And multiple sclerosis, chronic asthma, epilepsy, Etc.
• Special development needs: like Down syndrome, autism, And dyslexia, And treatment disabilities.
• Behavioral and emotional special needs: Such as attention deficit disorder, bipolar disorder and stray stubbornness disorder.
• Special sensory needs: Such as blindness, visual impairment or deafness and hearing impairment.

Developing basic skills for people with special needs

In general, Gaining independence is one of the most basic requirements for starting to acquire and develop other skills for people with special needs, gaining independence through the practices of daily life, Like arranging a family, And wear clothes and cook, And in the basics. To acquire harder skills after gaining independence likes:

• Self-care: Like cleanliness, And exercise, And table manners, And deal with common diseases such as colds.
• Life skills: Like safety measures, or searching online, or travel or read maps, or home care such as cleaning, shopping, And so on.
• Entertainment: By encouraging students and guiding them to use their talents as an important work skill.
• Functional reading: Helps students learn to read symbols, maps, and search the Internet.
• Functional mathematics: Help students in their daily lives by helping them learn to count money, tell time, measure quantities, and manage personal budgets.
• Job skills: Follow directions, punctuality and teamwork.
• Shopping skills: Like dealing with shopping lists, And buy things with money.
• Cooking and washing skills: This is not only an organizational skill but also the basis of self-sufficiency.

Developing social skills for people with special needs

Developing social skills is one of the most challenging skills for people with special needs, Especially if they have a mental disorder, linguistic disorder or autism, It is therefore necessary to develop speaking and self-expression skills as soon as possible, [4] as a child with special needs who can express himself and his feelings, This avoids resorting to violent behaviour to express the patience, understanding and compassion that people with special needs need in the process of acquiring social skills, Lack of understanding or impatience can be counterproductive.

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